Year of the Bible
John 19
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Commentary on The Gospel According to St. John, Chapter 19:
Pilate repeatedly tries to hand Jesus back to the Jews, but they demand Jesus be crucified. In an act of blasphemy, they also reject God and claim Caesar as their king. Sandwiched between Pilate’s discussions with the Jews are scenes that reveal more about Jesus. He is scourged and the soldiers mock him as a king, not realizing their words speak truth. Jesus speaks of His own power and authority, held back so that Pilate can act. When Jesus is crucified, the truth of His Kingship is written in multiple languages for everyone to read. After His death is verified, Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus (3:1-21; 7:50-51) bury His body.
The Gospel According to St. John, Chapter 19:
1 Then Pilate took Jesus and scourged him. 2 And the soldiers plaited a crown of thorns, and put it on his head, and clothed him in a purple robe; 3 they came up to him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” and struck him with their hands. 4 Pilate went out again, and said to them, “Behold, I am bringing him out to you, that you may know that I find no crime in him.” 5 So Jesus came out, wearing the crown of thorns and the purple robe. Pilate said to them, “Here is the man!” 6 When the chief priests and the officers saw him, they cried out, “Crucify him, crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no crime in him.” 7 The Jews answered him, “We have a law, and by that law he ought to die, because he has made himself the Son of God.” 8 When Pilate heard these words, he was even more afraid; 9 he entered the praetorium again and said to Jesus, “Where are you from?” But Jesus gave no answer. 10 Pilate therefore said to him, “You will not speak to me? Do you not know that I have power to release you, and power to crucify you?” 11 Jesus answered him, “You would have no power over me unless it had been given you from above; therefore he who delivered me to you has the greater sin.”
12 Upon this Pilate sought to release him, but the Jews cried out, “If you release this man, you are not Caesar’s friend; every one who makes himself a king sets himself against Caesar.” 13 When Pilate heard these words, he brought Jesus out and sat down on the judgment seat at a place called The Pavement, and in Hebrew, Gabbatha. 14 Now it was the day of Preparation of the Passover; it was about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, “Here is your King!” 15 They cried out, “Away with him, away with him, crucify him!” Pilate said to them, “Shall I crucify your King?” The chief priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar.” 16 Then he handed him over to them to be crucified.
The Crucifixion
17 So they took Jesus, and he went out, bearing his own cross, to the place called the place of a skull, which is called in Hebrew Golgotha. 18 There they crucified him, and with him two others, one on either side, and Jesus between them. 19 Pilate also wrote a title and put it on the cross; it read, “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews.” 20 Many of the Jews read this title, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city; and it was written in Hebrew, in Latin, and in Greek. 21 The chief priests of the Jews then said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but, ‘This man said, I am King of the Jews.’” 22 Pilate answered, “What I have written I have written.”
23 When the soldiers had crucified Jesus they took his garments and made four parts, one for each soldier; also his tunic. But the tunic was without seam, woven from top to bottom; 24so they said to one another, “Let us not tear it, but cast lots for it to see whose it shall be.” This was to fulfil the Scripture,
“They parted my garments among them,
and for my clothing they cast lots.”
25 So the soldiers did this. But standing by the cross of Jesus were his mother, and his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. 26 When Jesus saw his mother, and the disciple whom he loved standing near, he said to his mother, “Woman, behold, your son!” 27 Then he said to the disciple, “Behold, your mother!” And from that hour the disciple took her to his own home.
28 After this Jesus, knowing that all was now finished, said (to fulfil the Scripture), “I thirst.” 29 A bowl full of vinegar stood there; so they put a sponge full of the vinegar on hyssop and held it to his mouth. 30 When Jesus had received the vinegar, he said, “It is finished”; and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
Jesus’ Side Is Pierced
31 Since it was the day of Preparation, in order to prevent the bodies from remaining on the cross on the sabbath (for that sabbath was a high day), the Jews asked Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away. 32 So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first, and of the other who had been crucified with him; 33 but when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once there came out blood and water. 35 He who saw it has borne witness—his testimony is true, and he knows that he tells the truth— that you also may believe. 36 For these things took place that the Scripture might be fulfilled, “Not a bone of him shall be broken.” 37 And again another Scripture says, “They shall look on him whom they have pierced.”
The Burial of Jesus
38 After this Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus, but secretly, for fear of the Jews, asked Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus, and Pilate gave him leave. So he came and took away his body. 39 Nicodemus also, who had at first come to him by night, came bringing a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about a hundred pounds’ weight. 40 They took the body of Jesus, and bound it in linen cloths with the spices, as is the burial custom of the Jews. 41 Now in the place where he was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden a new tomb where no one had ever been laid. 42 So because of the Jewish day of Preparation, as the tomb was close at hand, they laid Jesus there.
*Daily Lectio Divina Question:
Jn. 19:26-27 “Behold, your mother.” Do I struggle to understand and embrace the role of Mary in my salvation? Lord, help me to entrust my cares to Your mother and mine, that she may take them to You according to Your will.
Biblical Commentary provided by the Catholic Biblical School of Michigan, an adult faith formation apostolate. cbsmich.org/join
Revised Standard Version; Second Catholic Edition. (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2006).
Permission to use the RSV-2CE given for Bishop's Year of the Bible by Ignatius Press. Many thanks to Ignatius for this.If you're looking for a good Catholic edition of the Bible, look no further
Juan 19
1 Entonces Pilato tomó a Jesús y mandó
que lo azotaran. 2 Y los soldados le
pusieron en la cabeza una corona de espinas
que habían trenzado y lo vistieron con
un manto de púrpura. 3 Y se acercaban a él
y le decían:
–Salve, Rey de los judíos.
Y le daban bofetadas.
4 Pilato salió otra vez fuera y les dijo:
–Mirad, os lo voy a sacar para que
sepáis que no encuentro en él culpa alguna.
5 Entonces Jesús salió fuera llevando
la corona de espinas y el manto de púrpura.
Y Pilato les dijo:
–Aquí tenéis al hombre.
6 Cuando le vieron los príncipes de
los sacerdotes y los servidores, gritaron:
–¡Crucifícalo, crucifícalo!
Pilato les respondió:
–Tomadlo vosotros y crucificadlo
porque yo no encuentro culpa en él.
7 Los judíos contestaron:
–Nosotros tenemos una Ley, y según
la Ley debe morir porque se ha hecho
Hijo de Dios.
8 Cuando oyó Pilato estas palabras
tuvo más miedo. 9 Y volvió a entrar en el
pretorio y le dijo a Jesús:
–¿De dónde eres tú?
Pero Jesús no le dio respuesta alguna.
10 Pilato le dijo:
–¿A mí no me hablas? ¿No sabes que
tengo potestad para soltarte y potestad
para crucificarte?
11 Jesús respondió:
–No tendrías potestad alguna sobre
mí, si no se te hubiera dado de lo alto.
Por eso el que me ha entregado a ti tiene
mayor pecado.
12 Desde entonces Pilato buscaba
cómo soltarlo. Pero los judíos gritaban
diciendo:
–¡Si sueltas a ése no eres amigo del
César! ¡Todo el que se hace rey va contra
el César!
13 Pilato, al escuchar estas palabras,
condujo fuera a Jesús y se sentó en el
tribunal, en el lugar llamado Litóstrotos,
en hebreo Gabbatá. 14 Era la Parasceve
de la Pascua, más o menos la hora
sexta, y les dijo a los judíos:
–Aquí está vuestro Rey.
15 Pero ellos gritaron:
–¡Fuera, fuera, crucifícalo!
Pilato les dijo:
–¿A vuestro Rey voy a crucificar?
–No tenemos más rey que el César
–respondieron los príncipes de los sacerdotes.
16 Entonces se lo entregó para que lo
crucificaran. Y se llevaron a Jesús.
17 Y, cargando con la cruz, salió hacia
el lugar que se llama la Calavera, en
hebreo Gólgota. 18 Allí le crucificaron con
otros dos, uno a cada lado y Jesús en medio.
19 Pilato mandó escribir el título y lo
hizo poner sobre la cruz. Estaba escrito:
«Jesús Nazareno, el Rey de los judíos».
20 Muchos de los judíos leyeron este título,
pues el lugar donde Jesús fue crucificado
se hallaba cerca de la ciudad. Y
estaba escrito en hebreo, en latín y en
griego. 21 Los príncipes de los sacerdotes
de los judíos decían a Pilato:
–No escribas: «El Rey de los judíos»,
sino que él dijo: «Yo soy Rey de los judíos
».
22 –Lo que he escrito, escrito está –
contestó Pilato.
23 Los soldados, después de crucificar
a Jesús, recogieron sus ropas e hicieron
cuatro partes, una para cada soldado,
y además la túnica. La túnica no
tenía costuras, estaba toda ella tejida de
arriba abajo. 24 Se dijeron entonces entre
sí:
–No la rompamos. Mejor, la echamos
a suertes a ver a quién le toca –para
que se cumpliera la Escritura cuando
dice:
Se repartieron mis ropas
y echaron suertes sobre mi túnica.
Y los soldados así lo hicieron.
25 Estaban junto a la cruz de Jesús su
madre y la hermana de su madre, María
de Cleofás, y María Magdalena. 26 Jesús,
viendo a su madre y al discípulo a
quien amaba, que estaba allí, le dijo a su
madre:
–Mujer, aquí tienes a tu hijo.
27 Después le dice al discípulo:
–Aquí tienes a tu madre.
Y desde aquel momento el discípulo
la recibió en su casa.
28 Después de esto, como Jesús sabía
que todo estaba ya consumado, para
que se cumpliera la Escritura, dijo:
–Tengo sed.
29 Había por allí un vaso lleno de vinagre.
Sujetaron una esponja empapada
en el vinagre a una caña de hisopo y se
la acercaron a la boca. 30 Jesús, cuando
probó el vinagre, dijo:
–Todo está consumado.
E inclinando la cabeza, entregó el
espíritu.
31 Como era la Parasceve, para que no
se quedaran los cuerpos en la cruz el
sábado, porque aquel sábado era un día
grande, los judíos rogaron a Pilato que les
rompieran las piernas y los retirasen.
32 Vinieron los soldados y rompieron
las piernas al primero y al otro que había
sido crucificado con él. 33 Pero cuando
llegaron a Jesús, al verle ya muerto,
no le quebraron las piernas, 34 sino que
uno de los soldados le abrió el costado
con la lanza. Y al instante brotó sangre y
agua. 35 El que lo vio da testimonio, y su
testimonio es verdadero; y él sabe que
dice la verdad para que también vosotros
creáis. 36 Esto ocurrió para que se
cumpliera la Escritura: No le quebrantarán
ni un hueso. 37 Y también otro pasaje
de la Escritura dice: Mirarán al que
traspasaron.
38 Después de esto, José de Arimatea,
que era discípulo de Jesús, aunque a escondidas
por temor a los judíos, le rogó
a Pilato que le dejara retirar el cuerpo
de Jesús. Y Pilato se lo permitió. Así que
fue y retiró su cuerpo. 39 Nicodemo, el
que había ido antes a Jesús de noche, fue
también llevando una mixtura de mirra
y áloe, de unas cien libras. 40 Tomaron el
cuerpo de Jesús y lo envolvieron en lienzos,
con los aromas, como es costumbre
dar sepultura entre los judíos. 41 En
el lugar donde fue crucificado había un
huerto, y en el huerto un sepulcro nuevo
en el que todavía no había sido colocado
nadie. 42 Como era la Parasceve de
los judíos y el sepulcro estaba cerca, pusieron
allí a Jesús.
Pregunta de Lectio Divina del día de hoy
Juan 19:26-27. "He aquí, tu madre". ¿Tengo dificultad para entender y abrazar el rol de María en mi salvación?. Señor, ayúdame para confiar mis necesidades a María, tu madre y mía, que ella pueda llevalas a Ti de acuerdo a tu voluntad.
La Biblia de Navarra
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para el Año de la Biblia del Obispo
dado por Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, S.A. (EUNSA).